A

Aldrin

A banned organochlorine insecticide that turns into dieldrin in soil and in the body — and was never given a federal drinking-water limit.

Aluminum

Gets in from treatment chemicals and pipes; what the levels in your water actually mean.

Antimony

A metal from flame retardants and plastics that can leach into drinking water.

Arsenic

The one you can't taste, smell, or see — common in well water and regulated at 10 ppb.

Asbestos

Fibers shed by decaying asbestos-cement water mains; regulated at 7 million fibers per liter.

Atrazine & Pesticides

Farm runoff herbicides that wash into reservoirs and wells every spring.

B

Barium

A mineral metal tied to drilling and industrial waste; regulated at 2 ppm.

Benzene

A gasoline and solvent chemical — even tiny amounts in water are a red flag.

Benzo[a]pyrene

A tar-family chemical, cousin to cigarette smoke, that leaches from old tank and pipe linings; limit 0.2 ppb.

Beryllium

An industrial metal from coal ash and manufacturing that can reach groundwater.

Boron

A natural element that runs high in some well water and is tough on plants and people at high levels.

Brackish Well Water (Salty Wells)

When your well turns salty: what saltwater intrusion is and what actually fixes it.

Bromate

A disinfection byproduct formed when ozone treats water containing bromide; limit 10 ppb.

Bromine

Chlorine's chemical cousin — where it shows up in treated water and why it matters.

Bromodichloromethane

A trihalomethane created when chlorine meets natural organic matter in your water.

C

Cadmium

A toxic metal from batteries and plating that can leach from pipes and wells.

Calcium

The hardness mineral — good for you, rough on your pipes and water heater.

Carbon Tetrachloride

A phased-out industrial solvent still seeping through groundwater; limit 5 ppb.

Chloramine

The disinfectant many cities use instead of chlorine — harder to remove, and standard carbon struggles with it.

Chlordane

The banned termite chemical pumped into soil around home foundations for decades; still turning up in wells, federal limit 2 ppb.

Chlorine

It keeps water safe — and it's the taste most people are trying to filter out.

Chloroform

The chlorine byproduct nobody mentioned — formed right inside treated tap water.

Chromium-6

The Erin Brockovich contaminant from Hinkley — still in America's tap water today.

Cobalt

A battery-age metal showing up in water near mining and industry.

Copper

Leaches from your own plumbing — the blue-green stains are the tell.

Cyanotoxins (Blue-Green Algae)

Toxins from algae blooms that can shut down a city's water — it happened in Toledo.

D

DBCP

A banned soil fumigant that sterilized the farmworkers who made it — still lingering in groundwater, federal limit 0.2 ppb.

DDT

The most famous banned pesticide of all — sprayed for decades, persistent for decades more, and never given a federal drinking-water limit.

Dibromoacetic Acid

A haloacetic acid byproduct of disinfection, tracked inside the HAA family.

Dibromochloromethane

Another trihalomethane from chlorination — part of the TTHM total on your water report.

Dichloroacetic Acid

One of the five regulated haloacetic acids (HAA5) formed during disinfection.

Dieldrin

A banned organochlorine — both a pesticide itself and what aldrin turns into; persistent in soil, never federally limited in water.

Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)

The most toxic member of the dioxin family — limited at just 30 parts per quadrillion.

E

E. coli & Coliform

What a positive bacteria test actually means — and what to do next.

Erin Brockovich: Coal Ash & Data Centers

First coal ash, now data centers — who pays for the water they use and pollute?

F

Fluoride

Added on purpose, debated for decades — what happens when there's too much.

G

Giardia & Cryptosporidium

Two chlorine-resistant parasites — cyst-rated filtration is how you stop them.

Glyphosate

The world's most-used weed killer finally gets a drinking-water test.

H

Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)

Five disinfection byproducts regulated as a group at 60 ppb.

Heptachlor

A banned corn and termite insecticide that converts to heptachlor epoxide in the soil; federal limit 0.4 ppb.

Heptachlor Epoxide

What heptachlor turns into — longer-lived than its parent and the form most likely to be in a well today; federal limit 0.2 ppb.

Hydrogen

The lightest element — and the truth about "hydrogen water" claims.

Hydrogen Sulfide

The rotten-egg smell in well water: causes and real fixes.

I

Iron

Orange stains, metallic taste, ruined laundry — the well-water classic.

L

Lead

Where it comes from and what actually removes it — there is no safe level.

Legionella

Why it's a shower problem, not a drinking problem — the bacteria behind Legionnaires' disease.

Lithium

The battery metal turning up in groundwater across the Southwest.

M

Magnesium

The other hardness mineral — one your body actually wants.

Manganese

Black stains and bitter water — and a health question for infants.

Mercury

From coal plants to your glass: how mercury travels into water supplies.

Microplastics

What they are, why they're in tap and bottled water, and how to filter them.

Microplastics: Health Concerns & Removal

The health concerns, honestly weighed — and the filtration that removes them.

Molybdenum

A mining and industry metal your body needs in traces — and not in excess.

MTBE

The gasoline additive that leaked from tanks into wells across America.

N

Nickel

Leaches from faucets and fittings — a common contact allergen in water, too.

Nitrates

Fertilizer runoff's signature — the risk is highest for babies and wells.

O

Oxygen

Dissolved oxygen explained — what it does in your water and what it doesn't.

P

Perchlorate

Rocket-fuel chemistry in groundwater — California and Massachusetts already regulate it.

Perchloroethylene (PCE)

The dry-cleaning solvent that became a groundwater contaminant.

PFAS

What PFOA and PFOS are — the "forever chemicals" — and what actually removes them.

Pharmaceuticals

Trace medicines in tap water: what's really there and what removes it.

Phosphorus

The nutrient that feeds algae blooms when it runs off into waterways.

Potassium

What softeners add to your water — and who needs to watch it.

R

Radium

The radioactive one you've never thought about, hiding in some well water.

Radon

The invisible risk in well water — it leaves the water and enters your air.

S

Selenium

Essential in traces, toxic in excess — a coal-country water issue.

Silicon

One of Earth's most common elements — what it's doing in your glass.

Silver

Used to kill bacteria for centuries — what modern water levels mean.

Sodium

Softener salt, road salt, and your blood pressure — the sodium story.

Strontium

A bone-seeking element the EPA has had its eye on for years.

Sulfate

The bitter, laxative mineral — EPA guideline 250 mg/L — common in wells.

T

TFA

The PFAS that falls from the sky — the smallest forever chemical, now everywhere.

Thallium

One of the most toxic metals on the list, regulated at just 2 ppb.

Trichloroacetic Acid

An HAA5 disinfection byproduct with its own health goal of 20 ppb.

Trichloroethylene (TCE)

The industrial degreaser behind some of America's worst groundwater cases.

Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)

The four chlorine byproducts regulated together at 80 ppb.

U

Uranium

Naturally radioactive and a kidney toxin — in Perth Amboy's own water report.

V

Vanadium

A steel-age metal showing up in groundwater near industry.

Vinyl Chloride

The plastic-making chemical with a health goal of zero.

Z

Zinc

From galvanized pipes — mostly a taste issue, with limits worth knowing.

#

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

Methyl chloroform — the phased-out industrial degreaser that still turns up in groundwater near old factories; federal limit 200 ppb.

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

The degreaser's lesser-known sibling from chemical plants; federal limit 5 ppb — and New Jersey's own limit is stricter, at 3 ppb.

1,1-Dichloroethylene

Vinylidene chloride — the plastics building block that escapes to air from rivers but persists underground; limit 7 ppb, and the health goal is the same 7.

1,2-Dichloroethane

Ethylene dichloride — the PVC building block; the solvent family's one zero health goal, with a limit of 5 ppb.

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

A soil fumigant leftover with no federal limit; New Jersey regulates it at 30 parts per trillion.

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

The textile mills' dye-carrier chemical; federal limit 70 ppb, and the EPA's listed effect is changes in the adrenal glands.

1,4-Dioxane

An industrial solvent contaminant that slips through most standard filters — RO is the reliable answer.

Nothing matches that name yet. We are adding new contaminants every week — try a shorter spelling.